Презентация - "Презентация по английскому языку "А. М. Коллонтай - женщина дипломат""

МОУ «Ковернинская средняя школа №1»
Alexandra Kollontai.
The Ambassador of the Soviet Union
2021
"To overcome and find your own path of life in new,
it's interesting and exciting."

Alexandra Mikhailovna Kollontai (Domontovich) was born on March 19, 1872 in St. Petersburg.
Her father was the general of the infantry Mikhail Domontovich, a brilliant officer, a very educated person and a soldier devoted to his fatherland. Alexander’s mother Masalina-Mravinskaya was born in Finland in the family of a simple peasant.
From her father the girl inherited an analytical mind, as well as an interest in history and politics. The girl’s mother taught her discipline and order.
After leaving school, the girl couldn’t continue her studies at the university, therefore, Shura passed the exams and received a certificate as a school teacher
Young Years

In 1890, Alexandra met Vladimir Kollontai . They married in 1893. In 1894, Alexandra Kollontai had a baby boy, Michael. But the family idyll lasted only five years. While her husband was successfully pursuing a military career, his wife got interesting in the revolutionary trends that were fashionable in those years
She met Elena Stasova, Nadezhda Krupskaya , Vladimir Ulyanov and Yulii Martov . All of them represented a new generation of revolutionaries who made their primary task to overthrow the existing system.
Family

In 1898, Alexandra left her husband and child and went to Zurich (Switzerland). Thus, she completely broke with the past and turned into a professional revolutionary.
Alexandra Mikhailovna leads an active life. She travels in Europe, visits the United States and makes connections with the local Social Democrats. The woman even takes part in International socialist congresses as a delegate from the RSDLP.
During her travels abroad, Alexandra Kollontai became a feminist and represented a new type of woman. She stood for the equality of the sexes, dreamed that the beautiful half of humanity would finally be freed from the bourgeois shackles
Revolutionary Work

The year 1917 comes. Alexandra Mikhailovna Kollontai is already 45 years old. Almost 20 years have been devoted to revolutionary activities. Alexandra Mikhailovna arrives in Petrograd after the February Revolution. She becomes a member of the Executive Committee of the Petrograd Soviet. In July, the First All-Russian Congress of Soviets is held, and Kollontai is elected a member of the CEC from the Bolshevik Party.
Alexandra Kollontai receives the post of People's Commissar of the State Charity and occupies this ministerial position until March 1918.
In September 1920, after the death of Inessa Armand who was the Head of the Women's Department of the Central Committee , Alexandra Kollontai takes her position and managed the Women's Department until mid-1922. Then she served as Secretary for Women's Affairs at the Comintern

Alexandra Kollontai's diplomatic work began on October 4, 1922, when she went to Norway as a trade adviser. In May 1923, she was appointed Head of the Plenipotentiary and Trade Representative of the USSR in this Scandinavian country.
Alexandra Mikhailovna greatly transformed on the diplomatic job. Her manners became refined and aristocratic. Her image was successfully complemented by a carefully selected clothing. Knowledge of many languages was also a big advantage. And in combination with an extraordinary mind, all this made Kollontai a respectable lady and an excellent conversationalist.
Diplomatic Work
Norway

In the diplomatic work her talents were revealed with a new force. Kollontai made full use of her charm, her ability to speak, and her desire to please others. During the first years of her work, Alexandra Mikhailovna successfully established economic ties with Norwegian industrialists, signed a contract for the supply of herring to Russia, and sought recognition of Soviet Russia by Norway.
Her motto is which she later liked to repeat to the young:
"A diplomat who has not given his country new friends can not be called a diplomat."
Diplomatic Work

Alexandra Mikhailovna worked in Norway from 1923 to 1926. She made every effort to establish good relations between the two countries.

In 1926, she was sent for diplomatic work to Mexico. In this country, she established contacts with local communists and did a lot for the friendship of the Soviet and Mexican peoples. She established very good and friendly relations with the President of the country, Plutarco Elias Calles .
In 1927, Alexandra Kollontai returned to Norway to her former position. She stayed there until 1930.
Mexico
Diplomatic Work in Mexico

From 1930 to 1945, she served as Ambassador to Sweden. In this responsible position, Alexandra Kollontai showed a lot of intelligence, tact and ingenuity to create good friendly relations between the Scandinavian country and the USSR.
Thus, thanks to Alexandra Mikhailovna, Sweden did not enter the war against Russia during the Soviet-Finnish conflict in 1939-1940. In 1944, a courageous and intelligent woman took over the negotiations with Finland to withdraw it from the war. This greatly hastened the victory of the Soviet Army in the war with Nazi Germany
Kollontai practically directed all political work in Scandinavia. Her activities were of great importance for the USSR.
Diplomatic Work in Sweden
Sweden

Until 1945, Alexandra Kollontai was the Soviet Union's ambassador to Sweden. In March 1945 Kollontai returned to Moscow. She was 73 years old. In the year of great victories, she had a stroke. But Alexandra Mikhailovna continued to work and served as an adviser in the Foreign Ministry.
Alexandra Mikhailovna Kollontai died on March 9, 1952.In her diary shortly before her death, she wrote: "I loved life and really wanted to be happy.“
She was buried at the Novodevichy cemetery.
Last Years

In 1969, the feature film "The Ambassador of the Soviet Union", dedicated to Alexandra Kollontai, was shot. The main role was played by the great Russian actress Yulia Borisova. The Soviet ambassador is shown in it as an elegant, and reasonable person, with extraordinary diplomatic talent and charm.
The Soviet diplomat V. I. Erofeev wrote
« Alexandra Kollontai is a legend. For the first time in history, she proved and demonstrated to the world that a woman is able to perform successfully the most complex state, political and social tasks."