Презентация - "Презентация "Времена группы Past""

English
By Alexandra Stegnienko

Reading
Last night I was walking home next to the river Thames, when something strange happened to me. It was late at night and I’d had a long and difficult day at work. There was a large full moon in the sky and everything was quiet. I was tired and lonely and I’d just had a few pints of beer in my local pub, so I decided to stop by the riverside and look at the moon for a while. I sat on some steps very close to the water’s edge and looked up at the big yellow moon and wondered if it really was made of cheese. I felt very tired so I closed my eyes and after a few minutes, I fell asleep..

Reading
Last night I was walking home next to the river Thames, when something strange happened to me. It was late at night and I’d had a long and difficult day at work. There was a large full moon in the sky and everything was quiet. I was tired and lonely and I’d just had a few pints of beer in my local pub, so I decided to stop by the riverside and look at the moon for a while. I sat on some steps very close to the water’s edge and looked up at the big yellow moon and wondered if it really was made of cheese. I felt very tired so I closed my eyes and after a few minutes, I fell asleep..

When I woke up, the moon had moved behind a cloud and it was very dark and cold. The wind was blowing and an owl hooted in a tree above me. I rubbed my eyes and started to get up, when suddenly I heard a splash. I looked down at the water and saw something. Something terrible and frightening, and unlike anything I’d ever seen before. Something was coming out of the water and moving towards me. Something green and strange and ugly. It was a long green arm and it was stretching out from the water to grab my leg. I was so scared that I couldn’t move. I’d never been so scared in my whole life. The cold green hand was moving closer and closer when suddenly there was a blue flash and a strange noise from behind me. Someone jumped onto the stairs next to me. He was wearing strange clothes and he had a crazy look in his eyes. He shouted “Get Back!” and pointed something at the monster in the water. There was a bright flash and the monster hissed and disappeared.

Past simple tense
Form: V2 (ed)
Use: To explain the main events of the story in sequence. We use ‘then’, ‘after that’, ‘first’ and ‘finally’ to link them up. E.g. “First I finished work, then I went to the pub, after that I had a few pints, then I sat down by the river and then I fell asleep, after that the moon moved, and then I woke up and then an owl hooted and after that I heard a splash and then a monster tried to grab my leg and after that the Doctor rescued me and then he disappeared, and finally I went home.
We can also use conjunctions to link up clauses with past simple verb forms. ‘When’ is probably the most common. E.g. “When I woke up, and owl hooted.” Or “An owl hooted when I woke up”.

Past continuous
Form: was/were +Ving.
Use: To describe longer or repeated actions. It’s often used to describe the general situation at the beginning of a story. E.g. “I was walking home when something strange happened.”
Also, we use it to sequence events when it is combined with the past simple. Past continuous is the long or repeated action which is interrupted by a short, quick past simple action. E.g. “The green hand was moving towards me when suddenly there was a blue flash and a man jumped onto the stairs next to me”.
We use ‘when’ or ‘while’ to link the actions in a sentence. E.g. “When I woke up, the wind was blowing. The wind was blowing when I woke up. While I was walking, something happened. Something happened while I was walking.”
Past Perfect
Form: had + V3(ed)
Use: To express that an action happened before the main events of the story. E.g. “When I woke up, the moon had moved” [the moon moved, then I woke up], which is different to “The moon moved when I woke up” [I woke up, then the moon moved].

Past Simple or Past Continuous?

I (to go) to the cinema yesterday.
I (to go) to the cinema at four o’clock yesterday.
They (to go) to the cinema when they met me.
She (to learn) words the whole evening yesterday.
She (to learn) words when mother came home.
He (to work) in the garden yesterday.
He (to work) in the garden from five till eight yesterday.
My sister is fond of reading. She (to read) the whole evening yesterday.
The children (to do) their lessons at six o’clock yesterday.
I (not to play) the piano yesterday. I (to write) a letter to my friend.
I (not to play) the piano at four o’clock yesterday. I (to read) a book.

Past Simple or Past Perfect?

Simon ... (be) very glad to see that his brother ... (do) the homework.
By the time the film ... (end), she ... (fall asleep).
I really ... (feel) sick last night because I ... (eat) too much raw fish.
When Richard ... (arrive) at the station he ... (find) that his wife just ... (leave).
First he ... (make) a toast, then he ... (sit down) and ... (drink) a white coffee.
Kate ... (walk) home because she ... (miss) the last bus.
By the time we ... (get) to Brazil, we already ... (spend) all our money.
I ... (decide) to become a fireman by the time I ... (be) eight.
She … (sign) the contract before we ... (come).
I ... (phone) my son and ... (say) that Bob ... (see) him in the pub.

Student`s Book: p. 46 ex. 1-5 (in written form) + retell the story on p.46
Homework

Thank you
Good Luck! Have a nice weekend!

Past Perfect or Past Perfect Continuous?

1. Когда мы используем PP, нам важно показать завершенность действия, то есть его результат. PPC, в отличие от PP, показывает длительность процесса при совершении действия в прошлом. Результат нам не важен или не известен.
My Mom had already cooked dinner when I came back from school. (Когда я вернулась со школы, моя мама уже приготовила ужин. Одно действие завершилось и предшествует другому действию в прошлом)
My Mom had been cooking dinner when I came back home from school. (Моя мама (уже какое-т овремя) готовила ужин, когда я вернулась со школы. Мы подчеркиваем продолжительность действия, результат нам не важен)
2. Следующее отличие PP от PPC заключается в том, что в первом случае мы говорим о каком-то постоянном действии в прошлом, а во втором случае мы с помощью PPC указываем на длительность действия, которое по-прежнему продолжалось на какой-то момент в прошлом.
He had always lived with his parents. (Он всегда жил со своими родителями. Мы не знаем, как долго он жил, это просто было постоянное действие в прошлом)
He had been livin with his parents all hus life. (Он жил со своими родителями всю свою жизнь. В этом предложении мы подчеркиваем длительность ситуации, которая проддолжалась кокретное время в прошлом.

Julia wanted to sit down as she ... (stand) at work all day long.
She ... (learn) “Eugene Onegin” by the autumn.
The rain stopped but there were a lot of puddles because it ... (rain) cats and dogs.
Olivia and Victor ... (chat) via Skype for an hour when the connection broke.
They ... (decorate) the New Year tree before the children arrived.
Bob ... (eat up) all the muffins by lunchtime.
My sister ... (do) the laundry since early morning.
I knew that our parents ... (grow) melons in their greenhouse since they bought the house.
He ... (loose) much weight by the end of the year.
Brown understood the problems of his agency because he ... (work) for it since 2005.